Mepivacaine hydrochloride binds to specific voltage-gated sodium ion channels in neuronal cell membranes, which inhibits both sodium influx and membrane depolarization. This leads to a blockage of nerve impulse initiation and conduction and results in a reversible loss of sensation. Compared to other local anesthetics, this agent has a more rapid onset and moderate duration of action.
Mepivacaine hydrochloride has a reasonably rapid onset (more rapid than that of procaine) and medium duration of action (shorter than that of procaine).
Mepivacaine hydrochloride displays a preferential use-dependent block of Na(v)1.8, S(-)-bupivacaine displays a preference for TTXs Na(+) channels.